The Supreme Court decision rightly rejects the notion that quotas affect efficiency

The Supreme Court verdict upholding a Karnataka law to preserve the consequential seniority of Scheduled Caste/Scheduled Tribe candidates promoted on the basis of reservation is notable for being the first instance of quantifiable data being used to justify reservation. After a similar 2002 law was struck down on the ground that there was no data, as required by the judgment in Nagaraj (2006), the Karnataka government appointed a committee to collect data on the “backwardness” of SC/ST communities, the inadequacy of their representation in the services and the overall impact of reservation on the efficiency of the administration — parameters laid down in the 2006 verdict as constitutional limitations on the power to extend reservation in employment. Based on the report, the State enacted a fresh law, which has now been upheld on the ground that it is compliant with the Nagaraj formulation, as well as the clarification found in Jarnail Singh (2018). A key principle in this decision is that where reservation for SC/ST candidates is concerned, there is no need to demonstrate the ‘backwardness’ of the community. The other pre-requisites of a valid system — quantifiable data on the ‘inadequacy of representation’ for classes of people identified for reservation, and an assessment of the impact of such quota on the “efficiency of administration” — remain valid. Justice D.Y. Chandrachud’s judgment applies the rule emerging from Jarnail Singh, which decided that Nagaraj did not require reconsideration. At the same time, it held that Nagaraj was not right in insisting on data to justify the ‘backwardness’ of SC/ST communities, as it contradicted a nine-judge Bench decision in Indra Sawhney (1992).

The judgment places in perspective the historical and social justification for according reservation, rejecting the argument that quotas, by themselves, affect administrative “efficiency”. It says merit lies not only in performance but also in achieving goals such as promotion of equality, and that India’s transformative Constitution envisages not just a formal equality of opportunity but the achievement of substantive equality. It accepts the subjective satisfaction of the government in deciding the adequacy of representation, subject to the norm that there should be relevant material before it. One must also recognise the constant tension between legislative intent and judicial interpretation. Most judgments on affirmative action indicate that the courts are laying down constitutional limitations, lest the equality norm, a basic feature of the Constitution, be given the go-by. It is welcome that the backwardness of the SCs and STs no more needs to be demonstrated. Policy-makers should heed the appeal contained in the judgment: there is no antithesis between the concept of efficiency and the inclusion of diverse sections of society in the administration. While data on representation may be a requirement, the idea that reservation has an adverse effect on administration must be rejected.

My plans: Planting Planting Plans

The state government is adopting various schemes to make the farmers prosperous and not to take suicides like that. One of them is a plantation plantation scheme.

In this, farmers are given 50 percent subsidy for Horticulture cultivation, for which the farmers get 50 percent of the first year, 30 percent for the second year and 20 percent in the third year. For the second year's subsidy, 75 percent of the garden plants should be alive. For the third year's subsidy, 90 percent of the trees should be in the garden in good repair.

For the grant, the garden area should be from 0.20 to 4 hectares. For the Konkan, there should be 0.10 to 10 hectare area. Preparation of Horticulture is required to get subsidy, preparing the land, digging potholes, etc. After this taluka agricultural officer inspected the beneficiary and select the farmers. More information about this grant is available to the Taluka or District Agricultural Officer's office.

Found on the moon! NASA's quest for the discovery of Chandrayaan-1 in India

WASHINGTON - Claims that there is water on some parts of the moon are now being confirmed. Chandrayaan-1, which was sent to India's ISRO by the moon, was informed that the water was frozen in the form of snow in dark and cool places in the Polar region of the Chand. Meanwhile, NASA has confirmed the possibility of having water in the polar polar region based on this data. Chandrayaan-1 was launched by India about ten years ago. }

 With the sign of sufficient snow on the lunar surface, the chances of getting enough water to live in the next lunar and as well as the future of the moon have increased. In the management of the PNS Journal, the ice is scattered elsewhere and it is said to have been deposited with Lunar Ketes on the Moon's South Pole.

There is also a large amount of snow on the North Pole of the Moon, which is also more scattered. Scientists were told that NASA's Moon Mineralogy Mapper (M3) was told to have water on the surface of the moon in the form of ice. The device was sent to M3 with Istro's Chandrayaan-1.

  This water is found in places where the sun's light can never reach due to the shadowed moon. The temperature here has never gone above 156 degrees. Earlier researchers were expected to have snow on the Moon's South Pole.

To go to sell the iPhone on OLX and fall, the police complained to Twitter

Mumbai - A shocking kind of thing has happened on the website of OLEX. Mukesh Mukhija had taken the help of OLEX to sell his iPhone. On the OLX, he gave information about his iPhone. After that, can an anonymous person exchange his phone with your phone in the chatting available for dealing on the website? Asked this question to Mukhija Makhiza refused. On that, the unknown person has given Mukhija a shameful silence. Makhija has given this information to the Mumbai Police by tweeting about the bad nature. The Mumbai Police has told them to register a complaint with the nearest police station. Makhiza is a social worker.

iPhone X will be 'Motocopy'; See which phone is ...

Mumbai: Motorola, a company owned by the Lenovo company, launched its mid-range Moto P30 mobile. This phone has an iPhone X-like display. Currently it has Android Orao 8.0 software but it will be updated on Google's recently launched foot software.


The iPhone company had launched two phones last year for iPhone 8 and X. However, the iPhone X is not sold as it has been said. Motorola has brought the exact copy of this phone to the market. An iPhone X has a similar display. The unequal aspect of the screen is 18.7: 9. Also, 1.8 GHz Qualcomm Snapdragon 636 processor has been used. Also the operating system ZUI 4.0 is available in Oriya 8.0.

How much is the price?
Currently this phone will be available for sale in China from September 15. This phone will get 6GB of RAM / 64GB of storage, which is priced at 2,099 yuan which means Rs 21,400 in Indian Rupees. The price of 6 GB RAM / 128 GB of storage will be worth 2,499 yuan (Rs 25,400). This phone is available in blue, black and white colors.

Features
This phone is 6.2 inch Full HD + display, resolution is 1080x2246 pixels. A microSD card is made to 256 GB of memory. Dual rear camera for photography has been given. One camera will be a 16 megapixel F / 1.8 aperture and the second camera will be 5 megapixel F / 2.2. The battery is given 3000 mAh.

Motorola will get this phone from Pie
Moto Z3, Moto Z3 Play, Moto Z2 Force Edition, Moto Z2 Play, Moto X4, Moto G6, Moto G6 Play, Moto G6 Plus will soon be available for Android Pie's operating system updates.

Starting from the Khadakvasala dam, the dam at the rate of 95 percent

Water stock in the Khadakwasla Dam has been increased to 9.44 per cent, and water has been started to release 992 cusec water in the Mutha river. This year, the water crisis of the city has disappeared this year.

     

Panshet, Varasgaon, Temghar and Khadakwasla dam areas which have supplied water to Pune city have been continuously receiving rain from last week. Dhadakavasala dam dam has been filled with 100% Khadakvasal Dam and 100% water is also on the way to fill the dam. The rice plantation has been completed due to rain falling into the area. Since the Pune city has planned water for this year, the city has also lost its faith. The water level will be increased if the continuous rainfall continues, the irrigation department said.

Arni, Ghatanji, Darwat Kahar

               
               Yavatmal: Arni, Ghatanji and Darwat are the widespread rains, and in the last 12 hours, 40 mm It has been so rainy. The entire area, including the bus station in Darwha, was filled with the flood water. The traffic was closed there. A similar situation has been experienced in rural areas including Arni, Ghatanji and Ner.

A problem arose in the flood waters of the river Darwha in the city. The flood water flows into the city's main firing range, Arni Road, bus station and Chowk and Karanja routes. Bella's water in the Swamyender's grave caused a severe situation in the water. The percolation tank of Telgiwan in Darwa taluka broke. The thief (Khopdi), Khopdi and Jambhora are afraid to break at any moment. Four soil bunds of Toranala were carried away. The Adan river has a huge flood, which has seven feet of water from the bridge of Boddegaon on the Darw-Karanja Road. So the traffic was completely closed. A severe situation has created due to floods at all the rivers in taluka. Eight animals from two villages of Ramgaon and Nilona were carried out in the flood. The farmland of Botha has been completely submerged. Damage is not possible by the construction system due to rain.

Rural areas have come under water due to rains in Arni taluka. Water is in the best talkies area of ​​the city. There has been a major loss due to the inflow of water in traders' godown. The chemical fertilizers of Godowns are dissolved in this water. The roads are flooding in the streets. Millions of rupees were burnt to water in all the commercial complexes in the basement after burning water in the market. Traffic was closed because the water on the Nagpur-Tuljapur road was water. Many schools have been holed up for the monsoon. Panganga and Adan rivers flooded Ranynora, Saakur, Kavtabazar, Mukkandpur due to floods. The administration also deployed the squad to alert immediate victims of the disaster. Tehsildar, Thane, municipal headquarters are keeping a watch on the flood situation.

              The flood supply in Ner taluka has broken. For the first time the rivers have flooded the rivers and the river is flooding the river. There is water in some low lying areas of taluka.
Ghatanji-Arni Marg and some roads were completely closed due to continuous rain in Ghatanji taluka. Water from the river Adnan was flowing through the bridge of Chincholi. Due to the abyss of the Adan river in Korhad and Dangargaon, water of flood water entered in Tadasavali and Siphal villages. There has not been any untoward incident till evening. However, due to the continuous rain, the machinery is alert to the Tehsildar GK. Hamd said. Average 35 mm All the life-spans have become disrupted due to so much rain. There is also the satisfaction of getting water from this water.